It never fails to amaze me how the media can mislead the public ,
sometimes with a cunningly phrased headline that can skew the whole meaning
of a news story, and sometimes by framing stories in a way that leaves out
crucial details.
Recently, I head from several men who bemoaned the fact that now,
in light of an Ontario Appeal Court decision, "divorce is never over", and "no
separation agreement will ever be final".
These guys have been snowed. They've chosen to believe the
conservative media's ridiculous misogynist spin on a straightforward case ... a case,
by the way, that, according to an eminent family law scholar and law school
dean, "is no great departure from previous rulings".
You'd never know that, however, from the crazed headlines in the
conservative press. The headline over a Globe and Mail column advised: "Hey
guys, let death do you part", which almost hints at a femicidal solution,
and the National Post blazed across its front page: "Divorce Deals Never
Final: Court".
Here are the facts, as spelled out in the judgement of the
Ontario Appeal Court, written by Mme. Justice Rosalie Abella and unanimously agreed to by
Chief Justice Roy McMurtry and Mr. Justice Michael Moldaver.
Eric and Linda Miglin married in 1979, bought Killarney Lodge in
northern Ontario for more than $1 million, and proceeded to have four children.
Linda earned $80,000 a year, or half the profits from the lodge, for
overseeing administration and housekeeping, while Eric ran the business
side.
Linda was the children's primary caregiver. After the lodge closed
each season, she took them back to Toronto while Eric took an extended vacation
on his own.
When the couple separated in '93, they worked out three
agreements: one to cover shared parenting, another for child support ($60,000 a year) and a
third and crucial one promising a $15,000 a year consulting contract for
Linda. Linda swapped her share of the lodge for his share of the family
home (both worth about $250,000) . Note that the consulting agreement ---
unlike most business contracts --- was for a fixed five-year term, subject
to cost-of-living increases, and renewable after five years.
Linda also signed a specific clause agreeing "at no time, now or
in the future ...under any circumstances.." to ask for spousal support.
All went fine until Linda moved to Thornhill and converted to
Judaism, over Eric's objections. Eric cancelled the $15,000 consulting agreement .
In other words, he was the first to breach this supposedly sacred
agreement. In the words of the trial judge, Eric Miglin became
"aggressive.. .dominating... often acted in an outlandish fashion to her
and the children ...Almost every day saw him seated behind one of them in
the public school classroom ...it appeared his focus on the children became
obsessive."
The judge went on to describe an increasingly hostile relationship
due to Miglin's sense that "he was no longer in control... He demanded full-time
involvement with the children to the exclusion of their mother. He
intensified the tension....His scheme (of altered custodial arrangements)
had been developed solely to hurt the mother ... and to reduce child
support payable by him... He confronted his wife on every occasion; he was
determined to make her life unhappy."
In '98, Linda Miglin sued for sole custody and spousal support.
The judge awarded her monthly spousal support of $4,400 for five years and monthly
child support of $3000. (About the same total, you'll notice, as the first
arrangement, if you include the $15,000 consulting fee). Both parties
agreed to joint custody.
Eric Miglin appealed against the order to pay spousal support, and
claimed that the trial judge had been unfair.
The key bone of contention for the Ontario Appeal Court was the
question of altering the original separation agreement, in which Linda Miglin
renounced any claim to spousal suuport. Can such agreements be undone by
courts?
Yes. But only with caution and restraint, according to
Abella's judgement. Writing for the court, Abella stressed that alteration of
agreements must be based on scrupulous regard for standards of fairness
established by the Supreme Court. Judges may intervene when agreements
result in "unconscionable circumstances", according to both provincial and
federal family law.
To understand just what had changed in family law, I spoke to Alison
Harvison Young, professor of family law and Dean of Queen's University Law
School. She explained how Canadian courts had gradually moved away from the
idea of a completely clean break at the time of divorce, realizing the
heavy economic price paid by women who stay home to raise children.
"Statistically, after divorce the ex-husbands do better financially while
the ex-wives do much worse," Young said.
That was certainly true of Linda Miglin who, despite the so-called
"shared parenting" scheme, had, the court ruled, "overwhelming responsibility" for
the four children and was hampered in her efforts to earn money.
Abella also concluded, in view of expert evidence, that the so-called
consulting deal was, in fact, a "thinly disguised spousal support"
agreement, crafted to "create a more advantageous tax result for Mr.
Miglin". Otherwise, it would not have set a fixed annual amount with an
annual cost-of-living increase.
In other words: if you think you can get away with an unfair
separation agreement that results in economic hardship for one party, you're flying in
the face of justice and the Divorce Act, and the courts are entitled to
intervene. If you don't want an agreement to be changed, make it fair to
begin with.
This decision is hardly the end of all agreements or the
introduction of "lifelong divorce", as the headlines obviously persuaded some men to
believe. It's a shame that, in feeding the backlash, the right-wing media
stir up so much misunderstanding and social rancour.